inbureИзвестия вузов. Инвестиции. Строительство. НедвижимостьIzvestiya vuzov. Investitsii. Stroitelstvo. Nedvizhimost2227-29172500-154XIrkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/2227-2917-2023-4-687-701KJOKDWinbure-192Research ArticleТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ. СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВОTECHNICAL SCIENCES. CONSTRUCTIONОбеспечение экологической безопасности техногенных объектов на основе «зеленых» стандартовEnsuring the environmental safety of technogenic objects based on green standardshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9860-9230СмирноваЕ. Э.SmirnovaE. E.

Смирнова Елена Эдуардовна, к.т.н., доцент, доцент кафедры техносферной безопасности

190005, г. Санкт-Петербург, 2-я Красноармейская ул., 4

Author ID: 438628

Elena E. Smirnova, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Technosphere Security

4 Vtoraja Krasnoarmejskaja St., Saint Petersburg 190005

Author ID: 438628

esmirnovae@yandex.ruСанкт-Петербургский государственный архитектурно-строительный университетРоссияSaint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil EngineeringRussian Federation202301012024134687701Copyright © Смирнова Е.Э., 20232023Смирнова Е.Э.Smirnova E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://inbure.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/192

Сертификация в соответствии с ISO 14 001 и EMAS позволяет понимать и оценивать воздействие экономической деятельности на экологические системы, а также устанавливать экологические цели и задачи. Эффекты от систем экологического управления и аудита (EMS) во многом зависят от того, как компании решают их использовать после сертификации. В связи с этим автор исследует вопросы, связанные с использованием стандартов ISO 14 000 и EMAS для повышения экологической безопасности компаний. Методология представлена в виде модели экологической стандартизации и различных уровней экологической сертификации организации. Объясняется важность экологического образования сотрудников и позитивного организационного климата. Внедрение систем управления экологией не всегда приводит к улучшению экологической эффективности компаний. Некоторые компании фокусируются на формальных критериях. Тем не менее EMS, экологический аудит и принципы ISO 14 000 могут помочь компаниям снизить отрицательное влияние на окружающую среду и повысить их конкурентоспособность. В ситуации неопределенности организационный климат, особенно отношение сотрудников к окружающей среде и экологическим ценностям, имеет приоритетное значение для реализации целей EMS. Выявлены проблемы, связанные с неоднозначной интерпретацией требований стандартов. Рекомендуется обратить внимание на создание позитивного организационного климата для успешной экологической сертификации. Кроме того, необходима более точная оценка эффективности экологической деятельности с четкой формулировкой требований к стандартам и контролем над их исполнением.

A certification in accordance with ISO 14 001 and EMAS allows the impact of economic activities on ecosystems to be understood and assessed, as well as environmental goals and objectives to be set. The effects of environmental management systems (EMS) largely depend on how companies decide to use them after certification. In this regard, the author explores issues, related to the use of ISO 14 000 and EMAS standards for improving the environmental safety of companies. The methodology is presented in the form of an environmental standardisation model and various levels of the company environmental certification. The importance of environmental education of employees and a positive organisational climate is explained. However, the introduction of environmental management systems does not always lead to improved environmental performance of companies. Some companies focus on formal criteria. Nevertheless, EMS, environmental auditing and the principles of ISO 14 000 can help companies reduce their negative impact on the environment and increase their competitiveness. In a situation of uncertainty, the organisational climate, especially the attitude of employees towards the environment and environmental values, is of a priority importance for the implementation of the EMS objectives. Problems, associated with an ambiguous interpretation of standard requirements, were identified. It is recommended to pay attention to the creation of a positive organisational climate for successful environmental certification. In addition, there is a need for a more accurate assessment of the environmental activity effectiveness with a clear formulation of the requirements to standards and a control over their implementation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.