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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inbure</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Инвестиции. Строительство. Недвижимость</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya vuzov. Investitsii. Stroitelstvo. Nedvizhimost</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-2917</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-154X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2227-2917-2023-2-336-347</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inbure-82</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ. СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNICAL SCIENCES. CONSTRUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ и управление рисками в российских и международных стандартах безопасности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk analysis and management according to Russian and international safety standards</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9860-9230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Е. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Елена Эдуардовна - кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры техносферной безопасности.</p><p>190005, Санкт-Петербург, 2-я Красноармейская ул., 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena E. Smirnova - Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Technosphere Security.</p><p>4 Vt. Krasnoarmejskaja St., Saint Petersburg 190005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esmirnovae@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>336</fpage><lpage>347</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирнова Е.Э., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнова Е.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnova E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://inbure.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/82">https://inbure.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/82</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проводится анализ аспектов безопасности, изложенных в национальных стандартах. Рассматриваемая нормативная документация отвечает на вопрос, как достигнуть допустимого уровня риска. Приведены основные понятия оценки риска. Отмечаются позитивные изменения государственных стандартов в области безопасности. В законодательстве РФ по вопросам экологии нет единого кодекса: существуют федеральные законы, кодексы по отдельным сферам окружающей среды, а также подзаконные акты, правовые акты субъектов РФ. Среди основных законов, связанных с нормированием экологической безопасности в строительстве, следует назвать Федеральный закон № 7-ФЗ «Об охране окружающей среды». Однако в нем регламентируется лидерство работодателя, а не его ответственность. В рамках совершенствования экологического аудита и менеджмента использование определенных штрафов и наказаний выглядит достаточно естественно. Главная же цель международного стандарта ISO 14001:2015 состоит не в том, чтобы указать на необходимость для руководителей обладать лидерскими качествами как основным фактором обеспечения экологической безопасности, а в том, чтобы сформировать ответственное отношение к экосистеме, природным ресурсам как важнейшему активу хозяйственной деятельности. Проблема в том, что аналитики риска не могут руководствоваться стандартами в полной мере из-за их несогласованности с универсальным международным стандартом ISO 31000:2018. Следует разработать подход к оценке рисков, описывающий взаимодействие различных сценариев, что обеспечит повышенный эколого-экономический эффект.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper analyzes the safety aspects outlined in national standards. The considered normative documentation answers the question of how to achieve acceptable risk levels. The basic concepts of risk assessment are presented. Positive changes in Russian safety standards are noted. There is no unified code in the legislation of the Russian Federation on environmental issues: there are federal laws, codes on certain environmental areas, as well as bylaws and legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Federal Law No. 7 “On Environmental Protection” should be mentioned among the main laws related to the regulation of environmental safety in construction. However, this law regulates the employer's leadership rather than their responsibility. The use of certain fines and penalties seems quite reasonable within the framework of improving environmental audit and management. At the same time, the international standard ISO 14001:2015 is aimed at forming a responsible attitude toward the ecosystem and natural resources as the most important asset of economic activity, rather than at specifying the need for managers to demonstrate leadership qualities as the main factor of environmental safety. As a result, risk analysts cannot be fully guided by the standards because they are not aligned with the universal international standard ISO 31000:2018, which creates a significant problem. An approach to risk assessment that describes the interaction of different scenarios should be developed, which will provide an increased ecological and economic effect.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государственный стандарт</kwd><kwd>оценка риска</kwd><kwd>экологическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>ISO 31000:2018</kwd><kwd>ISO 14001:2015</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>state standard</kwd><kwd>risk analysis</kwd><kwd>environmental safety</kwd><kwd>ISO 31000:2018</kwd><kwd>ISO 14001:2015</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crispin G. 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