Modern Orthodox church in Kaliningrad as an object of wooden church architecture
https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2917-2024-4-832-845
EDN: HFBHWS
Abstract
A team of architects headed by V.A. Kvach developed a preliminary design for a wooden church in a modern style in Kaliningrad. The church is designed to accommodate 300 parishioners. The study methodology involves research and comparative analysis of church architectures both in Russian and international contexts, establishing canonical approaches to temple architecture. Additionally, the project incorporates volumetric modeling and variant design solutions for the building located in the southwestern part of the city, situated on the isthmus between Ushakovsky Lagoon and Forelevy Island. These methodologies facilitated a unique preliminary design for an Orthodox church in the modern style, taking into account the urban planning conditions. The project presents an eclectic image of the church, which harmoniously integrates into the historical environment of the ancient city. The architectural complex comprises a church building, a baptistery chapel, a clergy house, and a heavenly garden. The project suggests a single-span tent-shaped temple featuring ten domes, with the central part of the building designed as an elongated octagon, adjacent to the bell tower, narthex, sanctuary, and others. The volumetric-spatial composition emphasizes two vertical focal points – the bell tower and sanctuary – which create an urban dominant. The stylistics of the Orthodox church embraces traditions of various cultures and religious denominations from the westernmost region of Russia. An ensemble development is organically integrated into the surrounding landscape. The architectural and artistic techniques employed and developed in the preliminary design can be implemented in the design process of temple projects in Russia and in many countries around the world.
About the Authors
S. G. Shabiev
South Ural State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Salavat G. Shabiev, Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Head of the Department of Architecture, Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation, Honorary Architect of Russia
AuthorID: 476175
76 Lenin Pr., Chelyabinsk 454080
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this article.
V. A. Kvach
South Ural State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Vitaly A. Kvach, Associate Professor of the Department of Architecture, Member of the Union of Architects of Russia
76 Lenin Pr., Chelyabinsk 454080
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this article.
E. D. Moiseeva
South Ural State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Ekaterina D. Moiseeva, Student
76 Lenin Pr., Chelyabinsk 454080
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this article.
References
1. Grabar' I.E. History of Russian Art. Pre-Petrine Era. Moscow: I. Knebel, 1910. Vol. 1. 564 p. (In Russ.).
2. Zabello S.Ya., Ivanov V.N., Maksimov P.N. Russian Wooden Architecture. Moscow: State Architectural Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Architecture, 1942. 214 p. (In Russ.).
3. Opolovnikov A.V. Russian Wooden Architecture. Moscow: Art. 1986. 310 p. (In Russ.).
4. Orfinskii V.P. Folk Wooden Religious Architecture of the Russian North: Origins of Development. In: Folk Architecture: Collection of Scientific Works. Petrozavodsk, 1992. p. 32–62. (In Russ.).
5. Oreshko A.N. The Use of Wood in Architecture as A Way to Humanize the Urban Environment. Arkhitekton: izvestiya vuzov. 2009;26:102-106. (In Russ.).
6. Zaruchevskaya E.B. Carpenter Vasily Korsakov and His Temples. In: Wooden Architecture. New Research and Discoveries. Vol. 1.: Collection of Scientific Articles. Moscow, Saint Petersburg: Kolo. 2010. p. 147–163. (In Russ.).
7. Sevan O.G. Small Forms of Wooden Architecture of the Russian North: Fences, Gates, Wicket Doors and Retaining Walls. Project Baikal. 2013;10(36):88-95. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.7480/projectbaikal.36.137.
8. Bode A.B., Bokarev A.V., Bondarenko I.A., Khodakovskii E.V., Shurgin I.N. Wooden Architecture. Issue IV. New Materials and Discoveries. Moscow, Saint Petersburg: Kolo, 2015. 352 p.
9. Aidarova-Volkova G.N., Aidarov R.S. Wooden Architecture of the Coastal Areas of Kazan at The Turn of The 19-20th Centuries. News of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering. 2018;2(44):7-15. (In Russ.). EDN: XQCNFB.
10. Koklyugina L.A., Koklyugin A.V., Gimranov L.R., Nikiforov G.A. Modern Technology of Construction of Multi-Storey Wooden Houses. News of the Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering. 2019;1(47):231-238. (In Russ.). EDN: PGZCUE.
11. Podkovyrova D.K. Use of Wood in Architecture. In: Budushchee nauki – 2019: sbornik nauchnykh statei 7-i Mezhdunarodnoi molodezhnoi nauchnoi konferentsii = The Future of Science – 2019: Collection of Scientific Articles of The 7th International Youth Scientific Conference. 25–26 April 2019, Kursk. Kursk; 2019. p. 99–103. (In Russ.). EDN: BECJZD.
12. Pettersson L. Architecture of Wooden Churches and Chapels in Zaonezhie, 2020. 544 p. (Russ. еd.: Arkhitektura derevyannykh tserkvei i chasoven Zaonezh'ya. Moscow: Three squares; 2020. 544 p.)
13. Dementev D.A. Some Features of Russian Residential Wooden Architecture Development: From Middle Ages to The End of The 20th Century. Architecture and Modern Information Technologies. 2021;1(54):43-61. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24412/1998-4839-2021-1-43-61. EDN: INWPPE.
14. Vereshchagin V.S. The Use of Wood in Modern Architecture. Innovatsii. Nauka. Obrazovanie. 2021;34:598-602. (In Russ.). EDN: HAUPGQ.
15. Gorshkova A.A., Zboikova N.A. Restoration of Wooden Landmarks. In: Izbrannye doklady 67-i universitetskoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii studentov i molodykh uchenykh = Selected Reports of The 67th University Scientific and Technical Conference of Students and Young Scientists. 19–23 April 2021, Tomsk. Tomsk; 2021. p. 625–628. (In Russ.). EDN: VVBKHD.
16. Dyakov I.A. Tree in Architecture. Arkhitekturnye issledovaniya. 2021;4(28):49-56. (In Russ.). EDN: CAPBSU.
17. Khodakovskii E.V. Wooden Church Architecture of the Russian North of The 19th – Early 20th Centuries: Metamorphoses of Tradition. Saint Petersburg: Kolo, 2021. 264 p. (In Russ.).
18. Philip J. Homes for Our Time 2. Contemporary Houses around the World. Cologne: Taschen, 2022. 464 p.
19. Sakharova S.E., Sitnikova E.V. Graphic Reconstruction of a Wooden Church in The Name of the Holy Prophet Elijah in The Village. Novoilinka, Kolpashevsky District, Tomsk Region. In: Izbrannye doklady 68-i universitetskoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii studentov i molodykh uchenykh = Selected reports of the 68th University Scientific and Technical Conference of Students and Young Scientists. 19–23 April 2022, Tomsk. Tomsk; 2022. p. 417–421. (In Russ.). EDN: HQJQEY.
20. Odinets V.Yu., Abrakova T.A. National Motifs in Wooden Architecture of Nizhny Novgorod. In: Aktual'nye voprosy etnografii i etnogeografii. Sbornik statei po materialam VI Vserossiiskoi studencheskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii = Current Issues in Ethnography and Ethnogeographies. Collection of Articles Based On Materials from The VI All-Russian Student Scientific and Practical Conference. 29 April 2022, Nizhny Novgorod. Nizhny Novgorod; 2022. p. 44–48. (In Russ.). EDN: GSGOLY.
21. Kruglykh A.V. Development of Students' Project Activity Skills Based On the Study of Traditions Folk Architecture. In: Muzykal'no-esteticheskoe i khudozhestvennoe obrazovanie: opyt, traditsii, innovatsii. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii (studencheskie doklady) = Musical, Aesthetic and Artistic Education: Experience, Traditions, Innovations. Materials of The International Scientific and Practical Conference (Student Reports). 26 October 2022, Elets. Elets; 2022. p. 56–59. (In Russ.). EDN: QHBLRZ.
22. Khodakovsky E.V., Shcheglova Yu.A. Architectural Heritage of the Onega Gulf of the White Sea: The History of Study and Actual Problems of Research. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art. 2022;12:282-291. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18688/aa2212-04-20. EDN: BTIBPV.
23. Litvinov D.V., Yashina A.V. Restoration of The Wooden Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos in The Village of Gerasimovka. In: Traditsii i innovatsii v stroitel'stve i arkhitekture. Arkhitektura i gradostroitel'stvo. Sbor-nik statei 80-oi yubileinoi Vserossiiskoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii = Traditions and Innovations in Construction and Architecture. Architecture and Urban Planning. Collection of Articles of The 80th Anniversary All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference. 17–22 April 2023, Samara. Samara; 2023. p. 739–750. (In Russ.). EDN: UDYVZK.
24. Sakharova S.E., Sitnikova E.V. Wooden Church Construction in Tomsk Province Late in The 19th and Early 20th Centuries. Journal of Construction and Architecture. 2023;25(2):9-23. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2023-25-2-9-23. EDN: FWPPAW.
25. Ovsyannikova E.B., Vasil'ev N.Yu. Wooden Moscow of the Empire Era. Based On Materials from Architect N.D. Vinogradova. Moscow: Kuchkovo field Muzeon, 2023. 328 p. (In Russ.).
26. Cheban A.N., Myachin A.P. Historical and Modern Methods of Preservation of Wooden Architecture. Architecture and Modern Information Technologies. 2023;4(65):134-145. (In
27. Khodakovsky E.V. Wooden Church Architecture of the Russian North in The Petrine Epoch. Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art. 2023;13:317-326. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18688/aa2313-3-25. EDN: GUPBFG.
28. Kovalev A.S. Advantages of Wood in Architecture. Aktual'nye issledovaniya. 2023;16-1:49-53. (In Russ.). EDN: TDSIGJ.
29. Vyakina A.A., Kaneva A.M., Marakulina S.P., Koshkin A.K. Energy Saving Aspects in Wooden Construction. In: Perspektivy razvitiya lesnogo kompleksa. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prak-ticheskoi konferentsii = Prospects for The Development of the Forestry Complex. Collection of Scientific Papers of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. 18–19 December 2023, Bryansk. Bryansk; 2023. p. 136–139. (In Russ.). EDN: SKAUAG.
30. Khodakovsky E.V. Wooden Church Architecture of Kargopol and The River Onega Areas in 17th-18th Centuries. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts. 2024;14(3):561-580. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2024.307. EDN: IVKXTW.
31. Kuznetsova E.A. Practices of Interaction with Architectural Heritage: Wooden Churches in The Russian North and Volunteer Projects. Heraldof Anthropology. 2024;1:106-115. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2024-1/106-115. EDN: MALAXS.
32. Fomina D.S. Modern Experience of Using Wood as A Building Material. In: Molodezh' i sistemnaya modernizatsiya strany. Sbornik nauchnykh statei 8-i Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii studentov i molodykh uchenykh = Youth and Systemic Modernization of the Country. Collection of Scientific Articles of The 8th International Scientific Conference of Students and Young Scientists. 16–17 May 2024, Kursk. Kursk; 2024. p. 526–529. (In Russ.). EDN: VXLKYC
Review
For citations:
Shabiev S.G., Kvach V.A., Moiseeva E.D. Modern Orthodox church in Kaliningrad as an object of wooden church architecture. Izvestiya vuzov. Investitsii. Stroitelstvo. Nedvizhimost. 2024;14(4):832-845. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2917-2024-4-832-845. EDN: HFBHWS
Views:
41
Email this article 