Over the past decade, information modelling technologies have been actively introduced in the global construction industry. This study aims to substantiate the economic efficiency of implementing these technologies in construction processes. The primary methods employed in this study involve analysis and synthesis. The article examines data that reflects the indicators of economic efficiency associated with information modelling technologies. The cooperation of all project participants, while considering specific regional characteristics, is of utmost importance. Since the design stage is the least financially expensive phase, the efficiency of information modelling technologies can be well observed. The article discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of using information modelling technologies. A comparison of return on investment (ROI) indicators was carried out, considering the degree of adoption of information modelling technologies within enterprises. It is important to note that ROI comprises only one of the indicators used to assess economic efficiency, since it fails to consider other factors. In order to comprehensively evaluate the economic effect, various indicators used in investment project assessment were analysed, including net present value, profitability index, internal rate of return, and payback time. The article presents an example of implementing information modelling technologies in a small project entity, where the ROI coefficient is calculated. From the analysis, it is concluded that information modelling technologies should be widely implemented as a foundation for improving the production and economic efficiency of companies.

The paper considers the use of various stabilizing additives, including hydrolysis lignin, in rubble-mastic asphalt mixtures. Laboratory tests were conducted using calibrated measuring instruments and certified laboratory equipment, along with officially recognized methods for testing the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures. Based on the data obtained, a comparative analysis of the effect of stabilizing additives on the main physical and operational indicators of rubblemastic asphalt concrete mixtures was carried out. It was established that the use of different stabilizing additives in rubble-mastic asphalt concrete mixtures did not lead to significant changes in the basic physical and operational indicators, except for the binder flowing indicator, i.e., the ability of rubblemastic asphalt concrete mixtures to retain bitumen. The laboratory studies also confirmed the possibility of using a stabilizing additive – hydrolysis lignin – without compromising the physical and operational characteristics of the mixture according to GOST R 58406.1-2020. A slight increase in water resistance was observed when hydrolysis lignin was added, largely due to its ability to modify road bitumen and its high content in the mixture compared to other additives.

Improving the reliability of sewer systems involves implementing measures and facilities to prevent the discharge of untreated sewage onto the ground or surface. These measures include the redundancy of both pressurized and non-pressurized pipelines within the network, as well as the use of their accumulating capacity and emergency wastewater tanks. The accumulating capacity of a gravityflow sewer system was examined in this work. An algorithm for calculating the accumulating capacity of existing sewer systems was proposed. Additionally, the study explored methods to enhance accumulating capacity by replacing smaller diameter manifolds with larger ones and implementing blocking devices (back-flow barriers) in control wells to prevent wastewater from reaching the surface and to transfer wastewater flow from gravity-flow to pressurized mode. In order to investigate the accumulating capacity of existing gravity-flow collectors in the sewerage handling area to maintain operations during a 6-hour pump station shutdown resulting from an accident, the sewerage pumping station-18 (SPS-18) in Irkutsk was taken as an example. On the basis of the performed calculations, it is suggested that five control wells be equipped with blocking devices in order to increase the accumulating capacity of the gravity-flow network to the required levels. The article offers a methodology for calculating and developing the required accumulating capacity of the designed, existing, and reconstructed sewer systems. The research findings can be useful for updating the development plan for the water supply and wastewater disposal systems of the city.

The existing information on the study and application of tack weld metal waterstops in Russian construction practice is limited. The authors of the present paper investigate the operation and effectiveness of metal waterstops designed for waterproofing tack welds. An experimental study of metal waterstops made of zinc-coated sheets and installed in a factory-fabricated capacitive monolithic reinforced concrete structure was conducted. In order to provide different exposure conditions for a waterstop, a vessel structure was manufactured with two split-level tack welds on its perimeter. As a result of filling the vessel with water and monitoring the waterstops through special cavities, it was determined that the waterstops mounted with epoxy glue did not provide sufficient sealing, unlike those mounted with a silicone sealant. In addition, some technological advantages and disadvantages of metal waterstops were experimentally revealed. The disadvantages included a relatively high labor intensity of their installation, in particular, joining the elements along the length. The main technological advantage consisted in the inherent rigidity of the product. Further research should investigate the chemical behavior of the waterstop metal in the concrete body. To this end, the steel behavior under increased water pressure and the influence of the waterstop geometry and the chemical activity of the "structural concrete – waterstop metal" complex on the value of the hydrostatic pressure resistance limit should be elucidated.

Heating of industrial buildings is a complex and labor-consuming task requiring major financial investments. The complexity of this task grows in the case of large-size construction objects and strict requirements to their reliability, economic performance, and energy efficiency. The problem is even more complicated in those Russian regions, where low temperatures remain for a longer period of time. Significant financial investments are caused by the wear and obsolescence of the existing heating systems, leading to enormous heat losses. Due to the large size of the considered property types, it is difficult to select heating equipment that could provide the required temperatures inside the building while meeting all the aforementioned requirements. The solution can be found in the currently popular industrial infrared heaters, which provide both uniform heating of the building or room in question under significant energy savings. The application of infrared heaters as the main heating system equipment makes it possible to organize zonal (additive) heating of buildings of any type and purpose allowing different air temperatures even inside a single room. In this paper, a numerical study of the efficiency of additive heating systems with gas infrared emitters was carried out using a warehouse building as an example. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, the economic justification of the proposed technical solution was provided.

Contemporary technologies are developing at a tremendous speed. The growing computing power of modern processors and rapid technological development – all of this undoubtedly requires new information processing and systematization tools. BIM modeling technology is an essential tool in the design, construction, and even operation of buildings and structures. This technology allows the end-to-end design of various objects, as well as systematization of information in a single information model. This work investigates the effectiveness of BIM technologies in the processes of design, construction, and operation of buildings and structures, as well as the development of information modeling technologies. The research is carried out using the examples of two hospital complexes, i.e., the HUS Bridge in Helsinki and the National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev). Advantages of applying information modeling methods in the construction of socially significant and critical facilities are demonstrated. The conducted study proved the efficiency of modern BIM solutions, particularly in terms of reducing the construction period, determining the unified information and communication space, eliminating conflicts, and automated calculation of the most important design, construction, and operational parameters. BIM outperforms conventional design methods in terms of the possibility of developing a strategy for the implementation of the construction project, integrated management of graphic data, and creating structurally and architecturally complex facilities.

The possibility of using Poroplast CF02 cast composites under winter conditions as thermofillers for multilayer wall enclosures of residential and public buildings was investigated. The use of cast composites as a thermo-insulating component in multilayer enclosures has long been considered as a technologically convenient, functionally effective, and reliable solution. When organizing year-round construction works with the use of cast composites, the influence of ambient conditions (temperature and humidity) on the kinetics of thermal insulation parameters should be taken into account. It is thermal insulation that should be considered as an operational durability criterion. Cyclic T-W tests were conducted in accordance with standardized regulatory methods. A comparative assessment of the thermo-insulating parameters of Poroplast CF02 cast composite samples was performed under varied polymerization conditions and after cyclic freezing and thawing of different intensities. The results of experimental studies into the stability of the thermal characteristics of Poroplast CF02 cast insulators under the conditions simulating their work in multilayered enclosure structures of buildings in severe climate areas are presented. The conducted experimental study confirmed the stability of Poroplast CF02 cast insulators under different natural polymerization conditions. The determining role of environmental humidity on the kinetics of such insulators was demonstrated.

As modern businesses face increasingly complex and voluminous projects, the need for efficient management and planning of production processes becomes paramount. To meet these challenges, it is necessary to develop new theoretical approaches. In this regard, advanced technologies such as BIM (Building Information Modeling), Lean Construction, and Agile are becoming increasingly powerful for project management and process planning. By combining these technologies and methodologies, companies can use the available potential to increase efficiency and achieve better outcomes. The integration of digital technology and automation facilitates the optimization of production processes and reduces project time. For example, the integration of lean construction and BIM technologies is a pivotal factor in achieving efficient project management and planning for production processes in the construction industry. By combining lean principles with modern BIM technology, it is possible for companies to increase performance and optimize the use of their limited resources, including time, labor, materials, and capital. This integration leads to improved project planning, enhanced transparency and accuracy of information, cost and risk reduction, as well as better communication and collaboration among project participants. All these factors contribute to the efficiency and success of modern projects.

This paper provides an overview of the progress made in the software implementation of the concept for generating Turing machines that solve NP-hard problems. Plans are discussed for developing a software package for generating Turing machines, with the potential to serve as an open-source educational platform for learning algorithm theory and information technologies. The proposed program complex also encompasses the opportunity for interested individuals to conduct experiments aimed at determining the NP-hardness of specific problem series generated by Turing machines; participating in the generation of Turing machines and solving NP-hard problems on personal computers; transferring the calculation results to a platform, similar to the generator of cryptocurrencies, which focuses on searching for timeless mathematical objects, instead of creating artificially generated blocks of numbers for a short period. It is noted that the idea of using constraint satisfaction methods to generate Turing machines for solving tape NP-hard problems extends the boundaries of constraint programming. Furthermore, it holds the potential for contributing to the resolution of the long-standing question regarding the equality of polynomial and NP-hardness (P =? NP) – one of the seven unsolved problems of the third millennium in mathematics to this day.

The aim was to establish the effect of pine wood saturation with fireand bioprotective agents on its combustibility and to evaluate the fireproof efficiency of three types of fire retardants: Senezh OgneBio, Ecosept OgneBio, and Propitex Ognebiozaschita. The compositions were applied onto the samples by surface treatment and deep impregnation. Combustibility tests were carried out by the flame tube method according to a standard technique. The quality of the fire and bioprotective agents was evaluated by the impregnation content in the samples and by the weight loss of the treated samples during combustion tests. In surface-treated samples, the average content of Senezh OgneBio was 2.41 wt% and the average mass loss during combustion reached 21.97%. The average content of Ecosept OgneBio and Propitex Ognebiozaschita fire retardants in the samples was 1.97 and 2.56 wt%, with the average mass loss during combustion reaching 28.52% and 28.38%, respectively. After deep impregnation, the average content of the impregnating compositions in the samples increased by more than 2.5 times, and wood damage during the test was on average 14.87% for Senezh OgneBio, 8.27% for Ecosept OgneBio, and 11.83% for Propitex Ognebiozaschita. Senezh OgneBio was experimentally determined to be the best fireand bioprotective agent for wood surface treatment, although all three compositions were found to be suitable for deep impregnation.

The aim of the work involves the improvement of management processes during the life cycle of major construction objects, focused on enhancing the efficiency and reliability of construction systems in emergency situations with limited availability of resources. The relevance of the study is stipulated by the increasing trend in natural and man-made disasters on the territory of the Russian Federation, including floods. Registered emergencies associated with floods indicate that it is necessary to optimize the construction management processes through adequate and timely resource allocation in order to prevent and mitigate the consequences of such emergencies, which can be achieved by using the target-focused principles for construction management. The paper systematizes the challenges in construction management and identifies trends, specific features, and regularities of the organization of construction processes in emergency response. Based on this analysis, the recommendations are offered for improving construction processes using the target-focused principles in emergency response and ensuring the fail-safety of buildings exposed to flood waters.

By using system analysis, which examines the physical laws of the interaction between external low-temperature environments and reinforced concrete structures, along with their resulting consequences, a graphical-analytical algorithm is proposed in order to adjust the standard functional relationships of serviceability indicators, thereby ensuring the required reliability within the designated service life. The analysis of structural behaviour was carried out through a dynamic model, which involves a combination of static tests at different stages of standardized low-temperature actions. In this case, the time factor was analysed in the form of a relative (to the frost-resistance grade) number of cycles, enabling the statistical compilation of various tests. The controlled reliability parameters were substantiated by the methods of statistical analysis with due regard for the variability of all the parameters within the standard criteria models. Here, their sensitivity and representativeness were assessed using approved probabilistic forecast methods. The technical and economic feasibility of the proposed approach for adjusting the parametric reliability of bending reinforced concrete structures was experimentally confirmed. Statistically significant experimental studies were carried out with automatic registration of all significant resistance parameters during various stages of fatigue-induced structural transformations of the elements intended for arctic service. A catalogue, containing graphical relationships of ultimate tensile strength values for bending elements within dispersion fields at different levels of reinforcement and under varying temperature-humidity climatic conditions, was compiled. The research findings confirm the significant influence of temperature and internal resistance on the parametric failures of structural elements having previously established reliability (probability).

The research is aimed at improving production processes using information modeling technologies, along with the examination of the Trimble 3D Grade Control system for the construction of linear facilities; determining the economic efficiency of this system, the speed and quality of work; creating an automated control system for road construction on the basis of 3D leveling and 3D design technologies, and developing a simulation model. An automated control system is investigated. The economic effect of 3D leveling during the reconstruction of the section of the Vilyui federal highway, which involved the preparation of the base for asphalt paving, is calculated. It is established that economic efficiency is increased due to an increase in the speed and quality of the work. The operation of the automated control system during the construction of linear facilities is demonstrated. The technologies of information modeling are studied. The process system during the construction of linear facilities is characterized. The article reveals several effects and advantages of incorporating 3D leveling technology into road construction management, including a threefold increase in the speed and quality of finishing planning works, the prevention of unnecessary reconstruction (only in the case of project modifications), the elimination of demarcation survey operations, real-time computation of earthwork quantities, and enhanced efficiency for the chief engineer. The implementation of information modeling technologies helps to improve the management model of production processes. Both theoretical and experimental research, as well as the development of new technical solutions and designs for machines and working bodies, comprise topical directions in the improvement of machines for the construction of linear facilities.

The paper analyzes the safety aspects outlined in national standards. The considered normative documentation answers the question of how to achieve acceptable risk levels. The basic concepts of risk assessment are presented. Positive changes in Russian safety standards are noted. There is no unified code in the legislation of the Russian Federation on environmental issues: there are federal laws, codes on certain environmental areas, as well as bylaws and legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Federal Law No. 7 “On Environmental Protection” should be mentioned among the main laws related to the regulation of environmental safety in construction. However, this law regulates the employer's leadership rather than their responsibility. The use of certain fines and penalties seems quite reasonable within the framework of improving environmental audit and management. At the same time, the international standard ISO 14001:2015 is aimed at forming a responsible attitude toward the ecosystem and natural resources as the most important asset of economic activity, rather than at specifying the need for managers to demonstrate leadership qualities as the main factor of environmental safety. As a result, risk analysts cannot be fully guided by the standards because they are not aligned with the universal international standard ISO 31000:2018, which creates a significant problem. An approach to risk assessment that describes the interaction of different scenarios should be developed, which will provide an increased ecological and economic effect.

The possibilities and efficiency of the use of the harmonic element method (HEM) for the determination of frequency characteristics for structures subjected to intensive dynamic effects are considered. This method allows the necessary values of frequencies for structural natural vibrations to be obtained by including the longitudinal forces influencing the bending vibrations of beam elements in the parameters of harmonic elements. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the frequencies of natural vibrations, whose variation within known limits offers the vibration or seismic protection of the structure, along with an assessment of its stability limits. The method considers beams with distributed inertial masses, concentrated masses, and solid bodies as harmonic elements, which allows the dynamic models of structures carrying technological equipment to be created. This approach avoids the need for constructing discretized models, which entail the estimation of discretization errors and various computational challenges. In the case of reinforced concrete structures, the necessary longitudinal forces can be generated by prestressing the reinforcement.

The paper considers modern problems of developing a technology for managing water supply and sanitation systems. The main results achieved in this sphere are presented, and objectives for further research are outlined. Due to the ongoing processes of digitalization and intellectualization of social and technological systems, a new concept of design and operation management, development and conservation of water supply and sanitation systems of settlements, cities, and buildings is proposed. This concept is based on the creation of digital twins of all system and subsystem elements and their management in real and virtual space using cloud technologies and specific software systems. Forthese purposes, water supply and sanitation systems are considered from the perspective of general principles of organization, hydraulic calculation, formation of operation modes, the probabilistic nature of water withdrawals and wastewater inflows, uncertainty in the behavior and prospective loads of facilities, along with other characteristics typical of large and complex systems. The paper presents the main tasks for calculating and designing water supply and sanitation systems and briefly describes possible solutions, implemented in the relevant software packages, tested in practice in the actual process of designing, operating, and maintenance of piping systems of a housing and utilities infrastructure. All optimization models are based on the lifecycle cost criteria for water and sanitation systems.

The paper considers measures to optimize energy costs in the heating of frame and tent facilities designed for sports events. Data on the available heating systems of temporarily used tent facilities are presented. It is shown that climatic conditions for athletes and the audience in these facilities do not meet the existing standards in the vast majority of cases. The combination of two factors affecting the microclimate parameters, i.e., the usage frequency and the low thermal resistance coefficient of the enclosing structures, requires the application of new practices not only in the form of climate control equipment operation mode, but also in the form of new monitoring techniques. The paper presents the results of a study of microclimate parameters in a frame and tent facility when using new techniques and approaches to climate control systems and to the process of forming climatic conditions depending on the clothing and the type of work performed. The results show that the introduction of new control algorithms and the implementation of new ways of monitoring microclimate parameters can save up to 30% of thermal energy while providing favorable microclimate parameters throughout the entire room, with the room reaching steady-state heating mode more than twice as fast. For the development of physical education and sports, it is necessary to use structures that can be quickly assembled and put into operation. For these purposes, frame and tent facilities are the best option.

The study focuses on the Angara-Yenisei macroregion, which includes four constituent territories of the Russian Federation, i.e., Krasnoyarsk Krai, Irkutsk Oblast, the Republic of Khakassia, and the Republic of Tyva. These territories are located in the zone of the Arctic latitude; areas of the Far North; areas equated to the areas of the Far North; the Southern zone, which includes the main band of population settlement. The macroregion under study is characterized by an interzonal structure of human settlement. The aim was to justify the selection of the entire macroregion and its settlement systems as an object of study. An analysis of the Angara-Yenisei macroregion based on the principle of integrity identified the need to study both its morphological and functional structural characteristics. Hierarchical clustering revealed the presence of three types of systemic zonal formations. The first type is agglomerations, which are the most dynamic elements in the structure of the territorial settlement system. The second type is represented by urban formations with cities at their core, acting as system centers and forming a supporting framework of macroregion settlement. The third type is heterogeneous, including both single-industry towns and industrial centers that are rapidly losing their population. The obtained range of quantitative assessment parameters can be used when elaborating macroregional social and economic development strategies, as well as for spatial modeling based on framework, cluster, and functional models.