The article considers the program Integrated Territorial Development and defines its role in developing regional housing construction. The study also presents a unique mechanism for integrated territorial development which provides many opportunities for qualitative changes in urban spaces, including urban fabric renewal. This program provides an opportunity to simultaneously achieve several beneficial effects. Firstly, it ensures balanced and sustainable urban development. Secondly, it creates necessary conditions for transport, social, and engineering infrastructure development. Thirdly, the program helps to attract private financing to solve the problem of rehousing residents from substandard and dilapidated housing stock since today the strategic task in the construction market is to ensure the renewal of the old housing stock to such that will meet new technological requirements. This program implementation will create conditions for the growth of real estate capitalization in the transformed territories and will bring substantial benefits for both the region and the entire country.

The present article aims to create polyvinyl chloride composites used in polymer hoses, to study their composition, as well as physical and mechanical characteristics. Polyvinyl chloride is a waterinsoluble material, resistant to weak acids, alkalis, alcohols, and mineral oils. The main characteristics limiting the use of flexible polymer hoses include elasticity at low temperatures and bending resistance at positive temperatures. Hose flexibility is determined by the properties of plasticized polyvinyl chloride together with its ultimate elongation at break and thickness. To study the properties of modified polyvinyl chloride, a MiniTPA-100 extruder was used to create test samples. The samples were cooled in a special refrigeration chamber. Elasticity measurements were performed employing a standard tensile testing scheme on an Instron 5980 testing machine. The measurements were taken at 20 °C, -40 °C, and -50 °C. The investigation of the compositions of polymer composites was conducted using extraction methods with various solvents. These studies enable one to evaluate the properties of polymer composites. Before testing, the samples were held at specified temperatures. The strain rate equaled 3 mm/sec for all samples. The proposed laboratory techniques give an opportunity to evaluate most of the performance characteristics of polyvinyl chloride composites. The obtained results indicate that the performance characteristics of flexible polymer hoses can be fully predicted based on laboratory testing of the materials composing the hose. The results also confirm the potential of work on polyvinyl chloride modification using thermoplastic elastomers.

The present work is aimed at analyzing the heating system operation in academic building No. 7 and developing measures to modernize this system with an evaluation of economic efficiency. The analysis involved a thermal analysis of exterior wall envelopes, an on-site inspection of the heating system, as well as measurements of internal microclimate parameters and thermal imaging. Heat losses in rooms were calculated, and a verification hydraulic analysis of the heating system was performed. The inspection revealed deficiencies in the operation of the existing heating system, and two options for modernization measures were developed to address these deficiencies. The first option consists in adjusting the system (removing and adding sections; replacing window seals; replacing piping with that of a different diameter; installing manual balancing valves on risers and branches; installing a pump on the return piping; installing closing sections). The second option involves major repairs and includes additional measures (in addition to those specified above) to insulate the attic flooring and end walls of the building, which can reduce heat losses by 25 %. For both options, automated heating substation equipment was selected. In addition, costs were estimated, economic efficiency was evaluated, and payback periods for each measure were determined. The on-site inspection of exterior wall envelopes and the heating system, as well as measurement of microclimate parameters, provided a means to develop measures to modernize the heating system of academic building No. 7 and evaluate economic efficiency.

The study aims to determine the compressive strength, as well as linear and volumetric deformations of autoclaved aerated concrete with an average density of 600 kg/m3 after holding at temperatures in the range of 100–800 °C. The compressive strength of test samples was determined using an IP-100 hydraulic press in accordance with the state standard GOST 10180 “Concretes. Methods for determining the strength of control samples” State Standard. It was experimentally established that after holding aerated concrete samples at a temperature of 100 ºС, its compressive strength increased by 6.2 %, which is associated with the loss of an excess moisture during heating. A further increase in the temperature to 600 ºС insignificantly affects its strength characteristics. At an increase in the test temperature to 800 ºС, the residual compressive strength of samples averaged 62.6 % of the control sample strength. Linear dimensions of samples begin to vary at a temperature of 300 ºC and do not exceed 1.56 % of initial values up to a temperature of 600 ºC. A further increase in the temperature to 800 ºС reduces the linear dimensions of aerated concrete samples by 15.15 %. Volumetric deformations of autoclaved aerated concrete samples in the temperature range of 300–600 ºС are less than 5 %, while, for the temperature of 700–800 °С, they range from 25 % to 38.9 %. The studied aerated concrete can withstand high temperatures up to 600 °C without significant variations in its physical and mechanical characteristics.

Currently, creating a comfortable and high-quality urban environment is one component of the strategic development of the construction industry, as well as housing and communal services. The paper presents possible criteria used to assess the urban environment quality of residential neighborhoods in cities. Engineering improvement, in particular water supply and sewerage, is one of the key indicators of urban environment quality. An additional factor influencing the comfort level of a settlement is the quantity of public amenities and welfare facilities it provides. Their availability significantly improves the everyday life quality of the city population affecting the development level of the territory in question and the extent to which physical and social human wants are satisfied. The study assesses the level of provision of public amenities and welfare facilities on the example of one Irkutsk residential district (microdistrict). Moreover, it also analyzes the importance of water supply and sewerage in the municipal improvement system. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, the article proposes measures to improve the comfort level of the residential district under study. The results of the research can be used by housing and utility sector organizations at various levels to improve the urban environment quality of residential districts in cities. Drawing on the example of one residential district in Irkutsk, this article analyzes the territorial accessibility of enterprises and organizations necessary for comfortable living of the population. Additionally, the study identifies missing facilities and designs a project for their location.

The article considers the practical aspects of digital intelligent support for managing housing construction using the example of the construction management of the Aviator housing estate in Irkutsk (the developer is the Novy Gorod business group). Digital intelligent support enables one to automate and remotely manage the processes of organizing housing construction through taking the most effective decisions promptly. This gives an opportunity to increase the reliability of the housing construction management system. The article highlights the application of optimization algorithms to organizing housing construction. With the integration of systems analysis, organizational, information, and mathematical modeling, it becomes possible to optimize decisions made for all resource types, the duration of production processes, and the construction of the entire object. All these enhance the management system for organizing housing estate construction in terms of quality, reliability, and efficiency. The article addresses the issues of control over the organization and implementation of housing construction stages and priorities using the example of the Aviator housing complex. In general, using the digital intelligent support potential impacts on the economic performance indicators of the organization for the object under study at the construction stage proper.

A promising line of research in construction science and practice is the creation of lightweight concretes. They exhibit the so-called strength-density ratio, i. e. a relative characteristic between the strength and weight of the resulting concrete. This ratio simultaneously reflects the maximum possible weight reduction of the structure and its operational reliability. The research aims to compare the effectiveness of microsilica modification of lightweight concretes produced with coarse aggregates from various rocks. The study analyzed the existing scientific literature on lightweight concretes, their formulations, technology, and scientific validity, as well as the structural compatibility of the components used. A comparison was made of the effectiveness of lightweight concrete modification for various formulation technological parameters. The strength of modified lightweight concrete and its strengthdensity ratio changed significantly compared to unmodified lightweight concrete. The strongest effect is achieved when using lightweight granite concrete modified with 9 % of microsilica. As a result, the maximum compressive strength was 55.9 MPa, and the strength-density ratio was 24.3•10-3 MPa•m3/kg compared to other studied concrete compositions. The increase in compressive strength was 17.2 % compared to unmodified lightweight concrete. The strength-density ratio increased by 19.1 % compared to unmodified coarse dense aggregate concrete.

The article aims to classify the condition of sewerage systems made of different materials and having different diameters with a build-up of deposits in the bench part; this analysis is based on their televising and analyzing the values of hydraulic characteristics. The analysis of televising data and the hydraulic potential of pipes establishes the class of a pipeline having internal deposits, which is used to decide on the continuation of operation, the need for preventive measures, including mechanical or hydrodynamic cleaning of the system, or the method of its reconstruction. Noteworthy is that by determining the hydraulic efficiency factor of sewerage systems with different deposit layer thicknesses in the bench part of pipes, a range of this coefficient can be established (in tabular form), which, regardless of the diameter and type of pipe materials, can be used to make a decision on continuing further operation, carrying out preventive measures (mechanical or hydrodynamic cleaning), or removing it from service for reconstruction. Also, recommendations are provided on the possibility of continuing or discontinuing the operation of wastewater pipelines with internal deposits. It is proposed to classify the operating condition of sewer pipelines with deposits in the bench part to make decisions on the need for restoring the throughput capacity, reconstruction, or replacement of pipes.

The article considers topical issues of preventing environmental hazards during the functioning of urban economy system as a factor for the occurrence and development of natural emergencies – freshets and groundwater flooding. The study aims to form a configuration of a comprehensive monitoring system for making reasonable organisational, technical and managerial decisions on the prevention of emergencies with dangerous environmental consequences. The objective of the study was to investigate proposals for the creation of such a system using an example of specific natural emergencies: floods, groundwater flooding and freshets, caused by anthropogenic activities, associated with the functioning of human settlements. The object of the study includes freshets and floods in terms of natural emergencies. The subject of the study involves a set of factors, conditions, parameters and restrictions, affecting the occurrence and development of floods, groundwater flooding and freshets. The research methodology is based on the application of a system analysis to factors, functioning parameters, conditions, restrictions, cause-and-effect relationships of technogenic events and natural phenomena, leading to the occurrence and passage of groundwater flooding and floods as a natural emergency with environmentally hazardous consequences. Using the study of anthropogenic causes of floods and groundwater flooding, this paper presents proposals for the organisation of a system for integrated monitoring of urban areas in order to timely prevent, identify and mitigate adverse events, hazards, threats, risks and potential consequences for the infrastructure of urban economy and population vital activity.

The specific character of ensuring the microclimate of indoor ice rinks and ice arenas consists in creating temperature and humidity conditions which prevent fog formation at the ice surface, deterioration of its mechanical properties, and condensation on building structures and auxiliary facilities. The article aims to theoretically justify the choice of an air exchange scheme in the ice arena zone, as well as to propose a design of the central air conditioner that implements the suggested air exchange method. As a result, the energy requirement for air handling can be reduced. The article proposes methods for air exchange organization contributing to the achievement of the required characteristics and parameters. Employing these methods also results in many options of air mass handling schemes and the layout of central air conditioners. The principles of organizing air exchange in the ice arena zone were formulated. They include supplying incoming air with concentrated airstreams directed at an angle or vertically downward from the upper zone of indoor ice rinks and ice arenas and removing exhaust air from the upper or maintenance areas. The Id-diagram shows layout options of equipment sections for central air conditioners and the sequence of humid air handling processes according to the following schemes: top-up, top-down, and mixed. These schemes characterize differences in energy consumption, as well as cost indicators for equipment and operation, which determines the multifactorial and multicriteria nature of selecting a design option under uncertainty. Based on the analysis of the research results with respect to the discounted cost criterion, the choice of the mixed scheme for organizing air exchange is theoretically substantiated. Moreover, the study determines the area of economic feasibility of the selected option.

Sewerage systems are calculated according to the conditions of their operation in the mode of steady uniform wastewater flow. However, this mode is only likely to occur when the wastewater received from subscribers has a constant flow rate during the day. This, in turn, is possible if each subscriber has a regulating tank that ensures an average flow rate. Unfortunately, the established standards do not provide for such containers and, obviously, they are very expensive. Therefore, the wastewater nonuniformly enters the sewerage and nonuniformly flows through pipelines and gravity sewers. The presented work aims to model such modes of flow motion based on the particle method. The particle method is based on a graphical solution of the continuity equation (matter conservation) and the momentum conservation equation (motion). Numerical experiments performed using the particle method showed that flow rate, speed, and depth vary as wastewater moves, and they have a wave character. Knowledge of such modes is important to effectively organize the operation of gravity sewers, receiver tanks of pumping stations and treatment plants. Based on the proposed models, one can study the transfer of suspended solids and changes in the biochemical composition of wastewater. Moreover, the models can be used to calculate the storage capacity of gravity sewers.

Water supply and wastewater discharge systems constitute capital-intensive, energy-consuming, and complex facilities that are characterized by significant inertia and are, therefore, difficult to adapt to constantly changing operating conditions. The past 20 years have seen a decrease in specific water consumption by almost half. Infill development and the fact that new projects are not designed for the existing utility lines caused an overload in many parts of water supply and wastewater discharge systems, while others became virtually non-functioning. All these factors led to increased failure rates, significant maintenance costs, inadequate hydraulic conditions, and deterioration of drinking water quality, as well as clogs and blockages in sewers. An example is group water supply systems, whose construction was very popular in the era of “developed socialism” and the post-perestroika period. Nowadays, many of them continue to operate, with no one to supply water to, as many settlements have simply ceased to exist due to migration processes. The current situation can be attributed to planning and design errors or, more precisely, the neglect of factors that exist now and will probably arise in the future. Design is known to be a process of creating an object that is yet to be realized. The object needs to be designed so that it functions in the future, and the future is not defined and has no deterministic parameters and values (the basic contradiction of design). The article proposes one of the possible approaches to resolving this contradiction; it is based on studying the zone of uncertainty and identifying minimum economic risk options.

The article considers urban planning factors in the development of the territorial recreational system of Nizhneudinsky District (Raion) of Irkutsk Oblast from a standpoint of the infrastructure model of territorial planning. The study aims to formulate a concept for placing functional planning elements of recreation and tourism on the Nizhneudinsky District territory considering the existing spatial settlement structure. The main objectives of the study: to identify urban planning factors in the organization of territorial recreational systems; to analyze the initial situation and determine prospects for tourism and recreation development in Nizhneudinsky District; to develop a concept of spatial development of a territorial recreational system drawing on the example of Nizhneudinsky District. The analytical part of the research examines the main factors in planning territorial recreational systems and the existing recreational and tourist infrastructure of the district. The applied part of the research formulates the conceptual proposals for the territorial and systemic organization of the tourist and recreational network in Nizhneudinsky District. The result of the work is the schematic diagrams of the functional planning development of the Nizhneudinsky District territorial recreational system, as well as its constituent part Tofalariya.

The relevance of this study lies in the growing interest of people in healthy and wholesome recreation, which is associated with the development of regional tourism and the emergence of an accessible architectural environment. Creating a new model of a modern medical and recreational complex and appropriate landscaping of the adjacent territory, which helps to increase the functional comfort, will produce a beneficial effect on increasing the tourism attractiveness of the place. The study aims to develop a model of a modern departmental medical and recreational complex taking into account the landscape and climatic conditions of the Far East allowing for the recovery and rehabilitation of military personnel after hospitalization. The research consisted in performing a comprehensive analysis of the area using a SWOT matrix. Moreover, a site plan of the territory was developed. The typical planning structure and the building form were designed considering the landscape features. Results. The internal and external environment of the territory was examined; its strengths and opportunities, as well as weaknesses and threats were identified. The article proposes a territory development project, including the arrangement of park areas with the water body improvement, the development of recreational routes, and zoning of the territory. The main specific feature of the proposed project is its modularity. The medical and recreational complex consists of autonomous sections; each section takes seismic impact independently of the others. Additionally, the design decision provides for the use of seismically resistant building structures.

The article aims to study partially or completely lost industrial facilities designed by Nikolay Boykov and built in the 1920s in the Irkutsk Region that represent historical, cultural, and architectural value. In the work, such methods as retrospective analysis, historical reconstruction, and cluster analysis were used. The retrospective analysis was applied to study the territories of industrial facilities, which were occupied by some structures prior to Nikolay Boykov’s involvement; the architect’s contribution to the construction of new buildings and reconstruction of existing structures was ascertained; the design and construction time frames of Nikolay Boykov’s projects were revised. The cluster analysis revealed some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of three main industrial facilities that were designed by the architect under the conditions of modernization and new construction. The study of the years of Boykov’s activity revealed stages in the construction and reconstruction of industrial facilities (“Sibiromongol” leather factory, CPS-2, and Khaitinsky porcelain factory), and identified buildings that were most likely to have been designed with his involvement. The present author used archival documents and open sources to reconstruct and prepare layout plans of workshops at the “Sibiromongol” leather factory and Khaitinsky porcelain factory during the years of Boykov’s activity. The study of these facilities showed the value of the considered projects, the necessity of preserving the deteriorating structures that constitute a stratum of cultural, architectural, and historical development of industrial facilities from the early 20th century in Russia.

The work aims to study the issue of the urban fabric integrity of the historical center of Irkutsk. The research focuses on the interaction of urban morphotypes with their functional use in conjunction with the guidance of movement around the city. Each historical city was developed progressively, forming an urban planning structure and its interconnections with the fabric of the built-up area over the centuries. Irkutsk is characterized by five main stages in the evolution of development: 17^th–early 18^th cc. The formation of a suburban estate development around a small fortress (ostrog). 2. Mid-18^th The transition from irregular to ordered development, architectural landmarks were formed. 3–4. Late 18^th–19^th centuries. The central streets acquired the public status. Implementation of reference designs. 5. 20^th century. Incorporation of standard sections of blocks of flats and infill development into the urban fabric. The Historic Center of Irkutsk as a sightseeing attraction model with its evolutionary established consistent patterns is the basis for the urban fabric integration. The study identifies the main evolutionary stages in the development of this place of interest starting from the period of the initial development of the territory (2^nd half of the 17^th– till the early 21^st centuries). The article analyzes and classifies the typology of development and the main periods of the urban fabric formation. Moreover, the research clarifies the boundary of a sightseeing attraction and determines its core/periphery structure. The article also considers the periodization of the Irkutsk authors who formed the historical part of Irkutsk.

The article assesses the effect of technical regulations on form-making in Russian architecture. The first part describes an outstanding architectural object, the Mountain Dwellings in Copenhagen. It consists of a housing block and parking spaces located both under the residential part and on the same level as apartments. This arrangement is unusual and spectacular, while the apartments are comfortable. In Denmark, this solution is recognized as safe and environmentally friendly. The second part of this article considers this project from the perspective of Russian building codes and regulations. Certain fire and sanitary regulations are shown to make such an architectural approach impossible or, to be more precise, dictate only standard design solutions. The Russian construction industry is over-regulated, restricting architects from creating new design solutions that are acceptable in Denmark. In addition, a large number of architectural solutions used in global construction cannot be realized or are difficult to implement under our conditions. Russian architects are denied many of the tools to create expressive space and form. It seems necessary to involve architects in the validity analysis and development of building codes.